ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Fundamento: los sarcomas de partes blandas son lesiones frecuentes en la actualidad y pueden afectar a un gran número de pacientes a cualquier edad, sus tipos histológicos son muy variados de allí el comportamiento clínico de estas enfermedades. Objetivo: conocer una paciente con mixofibrosarcoma en la región anterior de la rodilla derecha. Presentación del caso: paciente de 56 años de edad, femenina de raza blanca con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial esencial, acude a la consulta externa de Ortopedia y Traumatología por referir tener una tumoración en la parte anterior de la rodilla derecha que se acompaña de ligero dolor e incapacidad funcional. Esta apareció hace dos años, pero ha incrementado su tamaño de forma rápida en los últimos tres meses. Al tener en cuenta todos los elementos anteriores, se decidió llevar a la paciente al quirófano, para tratamiento de tipo quirúrgico, donde se realizó exéresis de la tumoración descrita con anterioridad a través del tejido sano circundante con margen de seguridad. La pieza fue enviada al departamento de anatomía patológica para estudio histológico, que luego informó tumoración de tipo mixofibrosarcoma. Conclusiones: el mixofibrosarcoma es una lesión maligna que se localiza en la extremidad inferior, de crecimiento lento con ausencia o poco dolor, los medios imagenológicos aportan información muy importante para su diagnóstico, en específico el ultrasonido de alta resolución y la imagen de resonancia magnética. El tratamiento quirúrgico oportuno mediante la resección amplia mejora el pronóstico.
ABSTRACT Background: soft tissue sarcomas are frequent lesions today and can affect a large number of patients at any age, their histological types are very varied hence the clinical behavior of these entities. Objective: to present a patient with myxofibrosarcoma in the anterior region of the right knee. Case report: 56-year-old white woman with a history of essential arterial hypertension, who goes to the outpatient department of Orthopedics and Traumatology for referring to having a tumor in the anterior part of the right knee that is accompanied by slight pain and functional disability. It appeared two years ago, but it has increased its size rapidly in the last three months. Taking into account all the previous elements, it was decided to take the patient to the operating room, for surgical treatment, where the tumor described above was removed surgically through the surrounding healthy tissue with safety margin, the piece was sent to the department of pathological anatomy for histological study, which later reported a tumor of myxofibrosarcoma type. Conclusions: myxofibrosarcoma is a malignant lesion that is located in the lower limb, of slow growth with absence of little pain, the imaging means provide very important information for its diagnosis, specifically high resolution ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Timely surgical treatment through extensive resection improves the prognosis.
ABSTRACT
stage, post-operative radiotherapy are prognostic factors in patients with soft tissue MFH. Post-operative radiotherapy may be the best modality in improving the prognosis of MFH.
ABSTRACT
Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) usually arise in the brain and central nervous system, but rarely occur outside of the brain, such as in the limbs, pelvis, paravertebral region or chest wall. Herein, a case of PNET on the buttocks is reported. A 24-year-old female was admitted for evaluation of a mass on her left buttock. An incisional biopsy revealed a primitive neuroectodermal tumor, with focal neural differentiation histologically. Preoperative MRI demonstrated the tumor was located in the subcutaneous layer of the left perineum, and extended to the ischiorectal fossa. The lesion showed an irregular, but well defined border; however, the differentiation from the left posterior wall of anus was focally obliterated. On operation, the tumor was not adhered to the surrounding structure, except for the external anal sphincter. The mass was completely resected. The tumor was about 8 x 9 x 5.8 cm in size, and the pathological evaluation confirmed a PNET, with a free anal sphincter margin. Therefore, chemoradiation therapy was planned, but the tumor recurred two months later. It was recommended the patient undergo a re-resection, but was lost before the procedure could be undertaken.